Sensor Based Traffic Light Controller Using Arduino

Abstract

             The main objective of this paper is designing a Sensor Based Traffic Signal System where the timing of signal will change automatically on sensing the traffic density at any junction. Traffic congestion is a severe problem in most cities across the world and therefore it is time to shift more manual mode or fixed timer mode to an automated system with decision making capabilities. Present day traffic signalling system is fixed time based which may render inefficient if one lane is operational than the others. To optimize this problem we have made a framework for traffic control system. This is achieved by using PIR(proximity Infrared sensors). Once the vehicle count is calculated, automatically the glowing time of green light is assigned by the help of the  Arduino UNO.  And along with these RF transmitter and receiver are used to detect the frequency of emergency vehicles. By using this we can reduce time for waiting when there is less traffic. Thus, optimization of traffic light switching increases road capacity and traffic flow and can prevent traffic congestions.