International Journal of Research
Author Guideline
Manuscript Preparation
1. Language
The language of the manuscript must be in English.
2. Length of paper
The length of the paper should not exceed 25 pages. Paper containing more than
25 pages words will be returned to the author(s) to a bridge. Articles should be
typed in double-space (including footnotes and references) on one side of the
paper only (preferably A4) with wide margins. Authors are urged to write as
concisely as possible, but not at the expense of clarity.
3. Title Page
Title page is a separated page before the text. It should include the following
information:
Title
Tile should be concise and informative. Try to avoid abbreviations and formulae
where possible.
Author’s names and affiliations
Please indicate the given name and family name clearly. Present the authors'
affiliation addresses (where the actual work was done) below the names. Indicate
all affiliations with a lower-case superscript letter immediately after the author's
name and in front of the appropriate address. Provide the full postal address of
each affiliation, including the country name, and, if available, the e-mail address,
and telephone number of each author.
A concise and factual abstract is required (maximum length of 150 words). The
abstract should state briefly the purpose of the research, the principal results and
major conclusions. An abstract is often presented separate from the article, so it
must be able to stand alone. References should therefore be avoided, but if
essential, they must be cited in full, without reference to the reference list.
5. Keywords
Immediately after the abstract, provide a maximum of 8 keywords, avoiding
general and plural terms and multiple concepts (avoid, for example, 'and', of).
6. Subdivision of the article
Divide your article into clearly defined and numbered sections. Subsections
should be numbered 1, 2. (then 1.1, 1.1.1, 1.1.2), 1.2, etc. The abstract is not
included in section numbering.
8. References
Author(s) should follow the latest edition of APA style in referencing. Please visit
www.apastyle.org to learn more about APA style
Citations in the text
Please ensure that every reference cited in the text is also present in the
reference list (and vice versa). Avoid citation in the abstract. Unpublished results
and personal communications should not be in the reference list, but may be
mentioned in the text. Citation of a reference as in press implies that the item has
been accepted for publication.
9. Submission Preparation Checklist
Before submitting the manuscript, author(s) should check the following list.
1. The submission has not been previously published, nor is it before another
journal for consideration.
2. The submission file is in Microsoft Word file/ PDF format.
3. Manuscript has been made in the light of Journal’s author guidelines.
4. Author(s) did not mention his or her name and affiliation in the main text
5. Author(s) has read all the terms and conditions of the journal.
Ethical Guidelines/Editorial Policy
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Papers must be submitted with the understanding that they have not been published elsewhere (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture or thesis) and are not currently under consideration by another journal published by Asian Network for Scientific Information or any other publisher. The submitting (corresponding) author is responsible for ensuring that the article's publication has been approved by all the other co-authors. It is also the authors' responsibility to ensure that the articles emanating from a particular institution are submitted with the approval of the necessary institution. Only an acknowledgment from the editorial office officially establishes and confirms the date of receipt. Further correspondence and proofs will be sent to the corresponding author(s) before publication unless otherwise indicated. It is a condition for submission of a paper that the authors permit editing of the paper for readability. All enquiries concerning the publication of accepted papers should be addressed to editor@edupediapublications.com |
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About Authorship Authorship is an explicit way of assigning responsibility and giving credit for intellectual work. These both are linked together. Authorship practices should be judged by how honestly they reflect actual contributions to the final product. Authorship has its importance for the reputation, academic promotion, and grant support of the individuals involved as well as to the strength and reputation of their institution. Disputes sometimes arise about who should be listed as authors of an intellectual product and the order in which they should be listed. When disagreements over authorship arise, they can take a substantial toll on the good will, effectiveness, and reputation of the individuals involved and their academic community. Many such disagreements result from misunderstanding and failed communication among colleagues and might have been prevented by a clear, early understanding of standards for authorship that are shared by the academic community as a whole. Edupedia Publications Pvt Ltd does not require all the authors of a research paper have to sign the letter of submission, nor do impose an order on the list of authors. Submission to Edupedia Publications Pvt Ltd is taken by the journal to mean that all the listed authors have agreed all of the contents. The corresponding (submitting) author is responsible for having ensured that this agreement has been attained and for managing all communication between the journal and all co-authors, before and after publication. Any change to the authors list after submission, such as a change in the order of the authors or the deletion or addition of authors needs to be approved by a signed letter from every author. |
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Minimum Requirements for Authorship All persons designated as authors should qualify for authorship, and all those who qualify should be listed. Each author should have participated sufficiently in the work to take public responsibility for appropriate portions of the content. One or more authors should take responsibility for the integrity of the work as a whole, from inception to published article. Authorship credit should be based only on:
Conditions a and b must meet the criteria. Acquisition of funding, the collection of data, or general supervision of the research group, by themselves, do not justify authorship. Authors should provide a description of what each contributed, and editors should publish that information. All others who contributed to the work who are not authors should be named in the Acknowledgments, and what they did should be described. |
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Minimum Requirements for Acknowledgments List all contributors who do not meet the criteria for authorship, such as a person who provided purely technical help, writing assistance, or a department chair who provided only general support. Financial and material support should also be acknowledged. Groups of persons who have contributed materially to the paper but whose contributions do not justify authorship may be listed under a heading such as "clinical investigators" or "participating investigators," and their function or contribution should be described, e.g., "served as scientific advisors," "critically reviewed the study proposal," "collected data," or "provided and cared for study". Because readers may infer their endorsement of the data and conclusions, all persons must have given written permission to be acknowledged. |
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Co-author contributions Authors are strongly encouraged to include a statement in the end noted to specify the actual contribution of each co-author to the completed work. Edupedia Publications Pvt Ltd allows two co-authors to be specified as having contributed equally to the work being described. |
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About Peer-Review Edupedia Publications Pvt Ltd aims at rapid publication of high quality research while maintaining rigorous but sympathetic peer review process. Manuscripts (other than those that are of insufficient quality or unlikely to be competitive enough for publication) will be peer-reviewed by two or more experts in the fields, and a decision is returned to the authors in about one month. If due to special circumstance, the review process takes more time, authors will be informed by email. Manuscripts with significant results will be reviewed and published at the highest priority and speed. Possible decisions on a manuscript are: • accepted as it is • accepted after minor revision • accepted after major revision • rejected If minor revision is required, authors should return a revised version as soon as possible within 15 days. If major revision is required, authors should return a revised version within 25 days. |
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About Duplicate publication Material submitted to Edupedia Publications Pvt Ltd must be original and not published or submitted for publication elsewhere. Authors submitting a contribution to Edupedia Publications Pvt Ltd who have related material under consideration or in press elsewhere should upload a clearly marked copy at the time of submission and draw the editor's attention to it in their cover letter. If a part of a contribution that an author wishes to submit to Edupedia Publications Pvt Ltd has appeared or will appear elsewhere, the author must specify the details in the cover letter. Consideration by the Edupedia Publications Pvt Ltd is possible if the main result, conclusion, or implications are not apparent from the other work, or if there are other factors, for example if the other work is published in a language other than English. Author is responsible to get permission from previous publisher or copyright holder if an author is re-using any part of paper e.g., figure(s), published elsewhere, or that is copyrighted. The editors consider all the materials in good faith that their journals have full permission to publish every part of the submitted material including illustrations. |
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About Plagiarism Plagiarism is the use or close imitation of the language and ideas of another author and representation of them as one's own original work. Duplicate publication, sometimes called self-plagiarism, occurs when an author reuses substantial parts of his or her own published work without providing the appropriate references. This can range from getting an identical paper published in multiple journals, where authors add small amounts of new data to a previous paper. Plagiarism can be said to have clearly occurred when large chunks of text have been copied and pasted. Such manuscripts would not be considered for publication in Asian Network for Scientific Information the Journals. But minor plagiarism without dishonest intent is relatively frequent, for example when an author reuses parts of an introduction from an earlier paper. The editors will judge any case of which they become aware (either by their own knowledge of and reading about the literature, or when alerted by referees) on its own merits. If a case of plagiarism comes to light after a paper is published in Edupedia Publications Pvt Ltd , the journal will conduct a preliminary investigation. If plagiarism is found, the journal will contact the author's institute and funding agencies. A determination of misconduct will lead the Asian Network for Scientific Information Journal to run a statement, bidirectionally linked online to and from the original paper, to note the plagiarism and to provide a reference to the plagiarized material. The paper containing the plagiarism will also be obviously marked on each page of the PDF. Depending on the extent of the plagiarism, the paper may also be formally retracted. |
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Prior Publication Material published by the author before submission in the following categories is considered prior publication: 1) articles published in any publication, even online-only, non-peer-reviewed publications, such as Nature Proceedings or the physics arXiv 2) articles, book chapters, and long abstracts containing original data in figures and tables, especially in proceedings publications as well as posters containing original data disseminated beyond meeting attendees, e.g., displayed in websites such as that maintained by F1000; 3) widely circulated, copyrighted, or archival reports, such as the technical reports of IBM, the preliminary reports of MIT, the institute reports of the US Army, or the internal reports of NASA. Doctoral dissertations that are made available by UMI/ProQuest or institutional repositories are not considered prior publication. Data portions of submitted papers that have appeared on a website will be permitted; with the provision that the author informs the Editor at the time of the submission that such material exists so that the Editor can determine the suitability of such material for publication. Failure to do so will result in an automatic rejection of the manuscript. Examples of such work include, but are not limited to, immuno-fluorescence micrographs and/or animated gif/video files posted on a website, or NIH-mandated posting of DNA microarray data. After the article is published in Edupedia Publications Pvt Ltd, the data should be removed from the author’s website. Authors with concerns about possible prior publication that does not fall clearly into one of these categories should contact the Editorial Office of Edupedia Publications Pvt Ltd and forward the material for examination. Once you have submitted your manuscript to Edupedia Publications Pvt Ltd, we ask that you not subsequently post this manuscript, or a revised version of it, to a preprint server. However, if your manuscript receives a final rejected decision at Edupedia Publications Pvt Ltd or if you withdraw it from editorial consideration at Edupedia Publications Pvt Ltd, this restriction is then lifted. |
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Ethical Procedure Edupedia Publications Pvt Ltd reviewers have a responsibility to report suspected duplicate publication, fraud, plagiarism, or concerns about animal or human experimentation to the Editor. A reviewer may recognize and report that he/she is refereeing, or has recently refereed, a similar or identical paper for another journal by the same author(s). Readers may report that they have seen the same article elsewhere, or authors may see their own published work being plagiarized. In all cases we address ethical concerns diligently following an issue-specific standard practice as summarized below. The first action of the journal Editor is to inform the Editorial Office of Edupedia Publications Pvt Ltd by supplying copies of 1) the relevant material and 2) a draft letter to the corresponding author asking for an explanation in a nonjudgmental manner. The Editorial Office must approve any correspondence before it is sent to the author. If the author’s explanation is unacceptable and it seems that serious unethical conduct has taken place, the matter is referred to the Publication Committee via Editorial Office. After deliberation, the Committee will decide whether the case is sufficiently serious to warrant a ban on future submissions to, and serving as a reviewer for, Edupedia Publications Pvt Ltd Journals; and/or whether the offending author’s institution should be informed. The decision has to be approved by the Executive Cabinet of the Edupedia Publications Pvt Ltd Council, and the author has the right to appeal a sanction, with the opportunity to present his/her position. If the infraction is less severe, the Editor, upon the advice of the Publication Committee, will send the author a letter of reprimand and remind the author of Edupedia Publications Pvt Ltd publication policies; if the manuscript has been published, the Editor may require the author to publish an apology in the journal to correct the record. If, through the author’s actions, Edupedia Publications Pvt Ltd has violated the copyright of another journal, the Publication Committee writes a letter of apology to the other journal. In serious cases of fraud that result in retraction of the article, a retraction notice will be published in the journal and will be linked to the article in the online version. The online version will also be marked “retracted” with the retraction date. |
Suggesting the Reviewers
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Authors are asked to facilitate the review process by providing the names and e-mail addresses of at least three suitable reviewers, on the understanding that the editor is not bound by any such nomination. Failure to follow this request may delay the handling of your paper, since the editorial office may specifically ask you to nominate potential reviewers for papers covering unfamiliar areas. |
Cover Letter
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A letter must accompany the manuscript, and it must contain the following elements. Please provide these elements in the order listed as
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General Format
Before submission of the new manuscript authors should consider the following general rules for preparation of the manuscript. Please read these instructions carefully and follow the guidelines strictly.
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Fonts: Important – Use Times or Times New Roman 12 point size only (other sizes as specified), and Symbol font for mathematical symbols (in the text and in the figures).
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Justification should be set to full (or left only, if preferred).
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Do not underline: Use italics, bold or bold italics instead.
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Line spacing should be set at 2 (Double).
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Leave a line space between paragraphs and sections.
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Leave a line space between section titles and text.
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Leave only one space after a full stop.
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Manuscripts must be typed on A4 (210 × 297 mm) paper, double-spaced throughout and with ample margins of at least 2.5 cm. All pages must be numbered consecutively. Starting with the title page as p.1, the text, which begins with p.2, is to be arranged in the following order: abstract, brief introduction, materials and methods, results, discussion, acknowledgements, references, figure legends, tables.
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The first page of the full manuscript must begin with the title of the paper centered on the page in 14 point Bold Title Case (title case means first letter of each main word capitalized), the names of the authors (Initials – followed by a period each – Family Name) with the main author’s name mentioned first, the names and locations of the authors’ affiliations (Title Case), and the e-mail address of the main author. The title page must provide the title in English, a short title of not more than 45 characters (including spaces) to be used as running head, up to five topical key words in English for subject indexing, the full postal address of the corresponding author to whom proofs will be sent. The title should be brief and should indicate the species studied. Subtitles are not encouraged.
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The abstract should not exceed 250 words, should be one paragraph and should be free of references and abbreviations. It should indicate clearly the scope and main conclusions of the paper.
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The introduction should give the pertinent background to the study and should explain why the work was done.
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The materials and methods (or methodology) should give essential details, including experimental design and statistical analysis.
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The results should present the findings of the research. They should be free from discussion. Results should be written in the past tense.
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The discussion should cover, but not simply repeat the new findings and should present the author's results in broader context of other work on the subject interpreting them with a minimum of speculation.
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The acknowledgements should be as brief as possible.
File Size and Format
File Sizes
Manuscripts will be distributed to reviewers via the Web. However, reviewers who use telephone modems may experience unacceptable download delays if the files are too large. A number of simple tricks can be used to avoid unnecessarily large files. Do not scan pages of text. Do not scan printed Figures unless no original digital document exists. If a scanned figure is unavoidable, please use Adobe PhotoShop or a similar program to edit the file and reduce the file size (not necessarily the image size) as much as possible before submission. For example, crop the picture to exclude surrounding "white space." Do not carelessly use colour. Black and white line drawings or gray-scale figures should not be saved as color documents; this will increase file sizes without increasing the information content of the file. Do not use colour unless absolutely needed to convey information.
Manuscript file format
We request to submit article in Microsoft Word format (.DOC). If you are using another word processor please save final version of the manuscript (using 'Save As' option of the file menu) as a Word document. In this case please double check that the saved file can be opened in Microsoft Word. We cannot accept Acrobat .PDF or any other text files.
Readability
Readability
A paper may be returned to the corresponding author for no other reason than that it suffers due to poor English. Papers must be understandable and communicate an unambiguous message. The editors and staff can make only a limited number of edits, and it is the responsibility of the authors to obtain help from a colleague who is fluent in English if that is needed. Most problems occur when there are nuances in meaning, and the authors bear the primary responsibility for clarity. Poor English may ultimately be a reason to refuse a paper.
Language Editing Services
Edupedia Publications Pvt Ltd is very much concerned about the clarity and professionalism of your manuscript. Our database shows that a large number of research articles were rejected due to a number of grammatical mistakes. Edupedia Publications Pvt Ltd has successfully negotiated with American Journal Experts, Bioscience Editing Solutions, Editage and Enago to provide language editing services to our authors at competitive rates.
Non English authors may contact with American Journal Experts, Bioscience Editing Solutions, Editage or Enago for professional scientific editing services before submission or after acceptance of their manuscripts to eliminate (minimize) the chances of rejection due to poor English.
Submission of New Manuscript
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Manuscript should be submitted electronically to Edupedia Publications Pvt Ltd to facilitate rapid publication and minimize administrative costs. All manuscripts should be submitted through online submission system. A user ID and password for the site can be obtained on first use. Online submission ensures the quickest possible review and allows authors to track the progress of their papers. It is recommended that text files are uploaded as Microsoft Word documents or generic rich text format (RTF) files and figures as JPEG, GIF, TIFF or EPS files. Authors should read Guide to Authors carefully before submission of their manuscripts. |
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Submissions by anyone other than one of the authors will not be accepted. The submitting author takes responsibility for the paper during submission and peer review. If for some technical reason submission through the online submission system is not possible, the author may contact editorial office for help via e-mail (editor@edupediapublications.com). |
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Preparing the Manuscript Meter: m Kilogram: kg Second : s Ampere: A square meter: m2 cubic meter: m3 Hertz: Hz |
Tables, figures & illustrations
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While presenting data, authors should anticipate the limitations set by the size and layout of the journal. Large and complex tables, figures and maps should be avoided in the main paper, but can be included in a data appendix for use by the reviewers. |
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Figures should be saved in a neutral data format such as JPEG, TIFF or EPS. PowerPoint and Word graphics are unsuitable for reproduction. Please do not use any pixel-oriented programmes. Scanned figures (in JPEG and TIFF formats) should have a resolution of 300 dpi (halftone) or 600 to 1200 dpi (line drawings) in relation to the reproduction size. |
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Any tables and figures that are included in the main text of the paper should be numbered separately, in the sequence that they are mentioned in the text. |
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Each table and figure should be presented on a separate page of the manuscript, with a brief and self-explanatory title. All text should be clearly legible, and all graphics and legends should be easily distinguished when printed in black and white. Tables should use horizontal lines only, with only blank space to separate columns. |
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Notes under each table and figure should be used to explain and specify the source of all data shown. |
Citing References in the Text
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References must be cited in the text in superscript digits at end of sentence or paragraph before punctuation or full stop1. In case of two or more references, separate the superscript digits by comma1,2,6. Moreover, If there are more references but in continuous numbers then use dash between superscript digits2-6.Citation may be direct or indirect, see the following examples; Direct citation a) Farooq et al. 1 studied the temperature effect on cuticular hydrocarbons of termite. b) According to Shafqat and Saba2, cuticular hydrocarbons can be used to identify termite species. c) Variations in cuticular hydrocarbons may also assist for species recognition and foraging behaviour, investigated by Zeeshan and Pasha3. Indirect citation a) Temperature affects cuticular hydrocarbons of termite1. Cuticular hydrocarbons can be used to identify termite species2. Variations in cuticular hydrocarbons may also assist for species recognition and foraging behavior3. |
List of References
The list of references appears at the end of your work and gives the full details of everything that you have used, according to same chronological order as cited in the text.
All sources must be referred in a consistent manner. Choose from the list of sources below, the examples given, provide a guide to the format and punctuation you should use.
• Journal (Print)
• Journal (Electronic)
• Book
• Book Chapter
• Conference Papers
Journal Article (Print)
Elements:
1. Author’s surname, Initial
2. Publication Year
3. Article Title
4. Name of Journal (in standard abbreviation)
5. Volume
6. Starting Pages
7. Ending Pages
8. Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
9. Direct link of the published article
Example
Sepaskhah, A.R. and M.M. Ghasemi, 2008. Every-other-furrow irrigation with different irrigation intervals for grain sorghum. Pak. J. Biol. Sci., 11: 1234-1239. DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2008.1234.1239; PMID 236548759;
Journal Article (Electronic)
Elements:
1. Author’s surname, Initial
2. Publication Year
3. Article Title
4. Name of Journal (with/without abbreviations)
5. Volume
6. Page Numbers (if applicable)
7. Available at
8. Accessed on (enter date you viewed the article)
9. Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
Example
Brittion, A., 2006. How much and how often should we drink? Br. Med. J., 332: 1224-1225.
Available from: http://bmj.bjjournals.com/cgi/content/full/332/7552/1224 [Accessed 2 June 2006].
Book
• Author/Editor’s Surname and initials
• Year of publication
• Title of Book
• Edition (if applicable)
• Place of publication: (followed by a colon)
• Name of publisher
• ISBN Number
Example
Anderson, J. and M. Poole, 1998. Assignment and thesis writing. 3re Edn., John While and Sons.
Book Chapter
• Author/Editor’s Surname and initials
• Year of publication
• Title of Chapter
• In: (enter editor’s surname and initials)
• Book Title
• Edition (if applicable)
• Place of publication: (followed by a colon)
• Name of publisher
• Page number
• ISBN
Example
Mason, J., 1999. Recent Developments in the Prediction of Global Warming. In: Energy Demand and Planning, McVeigh, J.C. and J.G. Morgue, (Eds.). E&FN Spon., pp: 34-52.
Conference Papers
Conference paper’s should be referenced using the following format and punctuation.
• Author’s surname, initials
• Date of publication
• Title of paper
• In: Editor’s surname, initials, (if applicable)
• Title of proceeding
• Place of conference
• Date of conference
• Publishers
• Page numbers of contribution
Example
Clifton, J.J., 1999. Hazard prediction. In: Disaster prevention, planning and limitation. University of Bradford, 12-13 September 1989. Technical Communications Ltd., pp: 54-64.
Final Proof Corrections and Submission
The next step in the publication process involves reviewing the galley proofs for your article. Please return the checked galley proofs via e-mail (editor@edupediapublications.com) or via online submission system within 72 hours of receipt. Late return of galley proofs may mean postponement to a later issue. Please make a copy of the corrected proofs before returning them; keep the copy for your records.
This step is entirely the responsibility of the corresponding author. The galley proofs will not be read by editorial staff. Errors that you fail to mark will be published.
The corresponding author of an accepted manuscript will receive e-mail notification and complete instructions when page proofs are available for review via a secure Web site. Final proof will be provided in Portable document format (PDF) files of the typeset pages. The attention of the authors is directed to the instructions which accompany the proof, especially the requirement that all corrections, revisions, and additions be entered on the proof and not on the manuscript.
Note that you are being asked to correct errors, not to revise the paper. You will not be charged for our editing mistakes or typographical errors, but you will be charged for any alterations from the original text that you make on the galley proofs. Extensive alteration may require Editorial Board approval, possibly delaying publication.
Please follow these guidelines when reviewing the galley proofs:
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Mark your corrections, in red ink, directly on the galley proofs. Make sure that your corrections are noticeable and easy to understand. |
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Check all type on the galley proofs. Check the title, the abbreviations list, and the author–paper documentation paragraph. |
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Check the table data against that in your original tables. |
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Check any equations against those in your original manuscript. Make sure special characters have not dropped out. |
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Check to be sure that figures are entirely legible, including any small-print text. |
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If you find an error, look again at the lines around the error. Mistakes tend to cluster. |
Submission of Final Proof Corrections
The next step in the publication process is to submit finally checked galley proof. Take the following steps to provide the final proof corrections:
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Scan only those pages marked with corrections.
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Save each scanned page in JPG format.
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Submit all scanned pages via online submission system OR
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Submit all scanned pages via e-mail to editor@edupediapublications.com
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Write the statement like “No modification on page number 1, 2, 3, 7, 8” about the pages required no corrections.
Note: If you are completely SATISFIEID from the final proof, just inform to the Editorial Office about your satisfaction via e-mail or via online submission system. Only on the receipt of your final satisfaction opinion, Editorial Office will send your article for final publication.