General Purpose CNC Machine by Using Nano Aurdino

Abstract

The present work is concerned with the design and development of Control unit comprising of the Digital Differential Analyzer Interpolator as the core element in controlling the motion in X and Y direction of the Computer Numerical Control machine. The Control unit designed contributes a little but significant step towards low-cost automation. Software interpolators are designed for performing machining operations on the work by performing an interpolated motion of the cutting tool. The prototype CNC Machine tool is procured from the manufacturer of CNC Machines for performing the work. The Atmega328p microcontroller used in this work is provided with Nano Arduino development board environment for designing the control unit. Three unipolar stepper motors are used for controlling the machine axes. The X and Y axes are interpolated for two-dimensional interpolation. Electronic Industries Association Standard code of part programming is used for implementing the G codes. The paper also discusses the development of an algorithm for interpreters and interpolators as well as the real-time graphical simulation and design of driver cards for unipolar stepper motors. The Control unit is tested for linear as well as a circular interpolation by performing actual machining on CNC machine.