A Cross Sectional Study on Causes of Premaure Retinopathy in Preterm Babies

Abstract

Objective: The causes of severe visual impairment and blindness in the developing country are related to the infant mortality rate because the underlying causes are related to each other. This study was conducted to observe the main causes of blindness in newborns, premature retinopathy.

Place and Duration: A study was conducted in the Department of Neonatology  and Department of Ophthalmology between February 2016 to February 2017 in Nishter Hospital, Multan for the period of one year.

Study Design: It is a cross-sectional study

 Methodology: Retinal examination was performed by ophthalmoscope of all premature babies born before the gestational week. for the development of hypothermia and premature retinopathy after the first treatment of electrolytes and nutritional rehabilitation. Detection continued until the normal development of the retina after being discharged from the hospital.

Findings: During the study, 350 premature babies were admitted, 144 were lost, 56 were lost during follow-up, and 150 babies were detected. ROP was detected in 67 babies. 14 had type I and 53 had type II disease. There were 5 stage II patients, 6 stage III patients and 3 stage I patients, in type I disease. All Type I disease laser therapy and inj. According to Avastin's disease, as determined by the ophthalmologist. The babies underwent a satisfactory vision improvement after therapy.

onclusion: ROP is a preventable cause of blindness in children. Appropriate use of the oxygen protocol in premature infants may prevent ROP in the majority of premature infants. Over time, diagnosis through accurate detection can identify this disease at an early stage. Laser therapy and management of treatment with injection. Avastin can help correct normal vision.