Sedimentation Future Prediction for Aswan High Dam Reservoir Using Mathematical Model Delft3D

Abstract

The High Aswan Dam has been constructed during the 1960’s to protect Egypt from high flood hazards and to provide the required water demand during low flood years. Due to the dam construction and lake formation, the flow downstream the dam has become more controlled and the suspended sediment concentration peaks have been reduced significantly and deposited upstream the dam. These deposited sediments are reducing the storage capacity of the lake. This paper is an attempt to predict the future deposition in the Aswan High Dam Reservoir, using a numerical model (Delft3D). During the course of this study, the calibration of the model for flow and sediment deposition was applied during the period 2010–2012. A good agreement, between the observed and modeled results for the whole domain, was obvious. Confident with the obtained results, the model was further used to predict the sediment deposition in the reservoir for fifteen years.