Approaches for Alternative Biofuels for Global Fuel Demand- A Review

Abstract

The increasing global fuel demand is a great challenge as reduction in fossil fuel stock at an alarming rate is a matter of great concern and has led to search for an alternative fuel that should be clean, ecofriendly and sustainable. At this juncture the global scientific community should focus on discovering and developing modified energy crops with enhance properties of producingbiofuels. The plant fatty acid seeds containing triacylglycerols has emerged as a best alternative with potentiality to be used as a fuel. Various fatty acid seeds containing triacylglycerols can be synthesize into useful fuel using modern scientific tools and techniques through biotechnological principles. A series ofmethods and mechanism are formulated for converting viscous liquid into fatty acid esters and enhancing the fuel property in the plant seeds.The various methods for biofuel production, along with the modern and modified biotechnological production techniques and their relevancy are reviewed. The challenges and limitations witnessed during this operation are also discussed.

Keywords-alternative fuel;biotechnology applications; fatty acid seeds, triacylglycerols