Biochip Computation –A Humongous Innovation

Abstract

The invention of biochips is a big drive of the rapidly growing biotechnology industry, which comprises a very assorted range of research efforts including  genomics,  proteomics,  and  pharmaceuticals, among other activities. Advances in these areas are giving scientists new methods for unveiling the complex biochemical processes occurring inside cells, with the larger goal of understanding and treating human diseases. At the same time, the semiconductor industry has been steadily perfecting the science of micro-miniaturization. The combining of  these  two  fields  in  recent  years  has  enabled biotechnologists to begin packing  their primitive  bulky sensing tools into smaller and slighter spaces i.e. so called biochips.  These  chips  are  essentially  miniaturized laboratories that can perform hundreds or thousands of simultaneous biochemical reactions. These paper insights on how biochips enable researchers to quickly screen large numbers  of  biological  analytes  for  a  variety  of  purposes, from disease diagnosis to detection of bioterrorism agents.