To Study Behaviour of Concrete by Partially Replacement of Waste Paper Sludge Ash

Abstract

Global warming, which is mainly caused by mankind with the emissions of greenhouse gases, is nowadays one of the major topics in the world. The reduction of these greenhouse gas emissions has become a primary focus of the environmental organizations and the government in many countries. Since Portland cement production is accompanied by a significant CO2 emission, which is a principle greenhouse gas, it is useful to look for ecological alternatives of cement. Portland cement is normally replaced with fly ash or blast furnace slag cement, which are both byproducts from other industrial waste. The sources of these byproducts are limited. Therefore, seeking for other alternatives of Portland cement is significant from both economic and environmental point of view. In this research the use of thermally activated paper sludge minerals as partial Portland cement replacement is investigated. The replacement of cement with paper sludge minerals is proposed to reduce the environmental pollution that are associated with the concrete productions and with the disposal of paper waste. By calcination and dehydration of paper sludge, which is a by-product of recycled paper waste, a non-poisonous mineral with a highly pozzolanic activity is formed. Besides the pozzolanic activity this mineral also shows hydraulic potential. Therefore, the production and usage of thermally activated paper sludge minerals has attracted increasing interest due to its environmental advantages and excellent cementitious potential.