Evaluation the effect of untreated sewage on Al-Gharraf River in Al-Hayy city using Geographical Information System (GIS)

Abstract

The aim of the present study is to know the effect of raw sewage from the Al-Haay city on some of the chemical, physical properties of Al-Gharraf River. The Al-Gharraf River, located in the south-eastern sector of Iraq and surrounded by vast and agricultural lands. The river receives most of the wastewater coming from many activities including industrial, agricultural, and domestic wastewater. Associated with the development of the area, the increase of pollutants into the river has been a recent cause for alarm. Seven sampling stations were selected along the Al-Gharraf River. Monthly sampling was carried out from January 2016 till April 2016, two samples were taken each month. Four parameters are selected to cover the sewerage problem. These are (TSS, TDS, PO4, CL) for Garraf  river, The total dissolved solid  721-1980  mg / L, Total suspended solid values ranging from 84-590 mg / L with. The chlorides values varied from 39 --277 mg / L,   phosphate values ranged between 0.50 - 14.7 mg/L The study describe the increasing in concentration of these parameters obviously with Iraqi Environment Limitation  for surface water. And this increasing was harmonic with decreasing water levels because of rainfall decreasing especially at last years. These pollutants were provided to the river through pump stations that constructed in the city. 9 station pumps sewage water to the river directly without treatment. High concentration areas were located that more than the required levels in addition to within the allowable levels these concentrations were explained