Smart Parking

Abstract

This  research  focuses on the  derivation of an  assignment model  that can  be  used  for the evaluation of Smart  Parking  ITS  applications.  Behavioural research is conducted in order to gain understanding of the individuals’ behaviour  concerning parking,  on three behavioural levels (Strategic, Operational and Tactical), and for two user classes (Familiar and Unfamiliar users).  A Parking  Decision Process model, which represent the decisions that individuals  have to take  when parking  is suggested.   A Stated  Preference  experiment is conducted  –designed using  efficient  designs–  for the  investigation of decisions  for familiar  and  unfamiliar  users and  discrete  choice models are  derived  for familiar  users.   The  outcome  of the  behavioural research (Parking Decision Process model & MNL Parking  Discrete Choice model) is applied in the  development of a Parking  Assignment Model for simulation  on the  behavioural levels for both  user classes. The components  of the Parking  Assignment Model are verified and the applicability of the  model is examined.   Finally,  the  Parking  Assignment  Model is applied for the  evaluation of the  Smart  Parking  application, developed  for the  Sensor City  project in Assen.  The  results  of the  evaluation illustrate the  positive  impact  of the  Smart  Parking application to the reduction of individuals’  and total  travel  times