Analysis of Chaman Nahal’s Azadi ‘Freedom’ in the Light of the Freudian Theory of Nachträglichkeit ‘Deferred Action’

Abstract

The present paper explores some new covert factors of trauma which haven’t had been paid attention by Sigmund Freud and Josef Breuer during their psychoanalytical efforts to treat the patients of corporeal exploitation. Secondly, the paper corroborates that the augmented Freudian psychoanalytical theory of Nachträglichkeit can be applied to the texts that possess traumatic incidents so that some more unexplored reasons for trauma and its ramifications on victims can be surfaced. The paper will definitely help the psychologists and psychiatrists to treat the patients of hysteria and trauma more effectively. The results are achieved by implementing the ‘deferred action’ theory in Chaman Nahal’s novel Azadi ‘freedom’. The paper concludes some new factors of trauma such as stillbirths, witness of murders, loss of land, house, friends, and hometown etc. These factors of trauma create repercussions such as flashback to the past traumatic incidents, tearfulness, incommunicability, abhorrence, revenge, confusion, uncanniness, restlessness, trauma, and collective trauma etc.