Subcutaneous emphysema: A rare presentation of bronchial foreign body overlooked by Paediatricians

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to understand clinical manifestations and radiologic findings of foreign body inhalation in infant and children and features that differentiate it from other common respiratory problems

Methods and material: We reported a case of an unusual presentation of bronchial foreign body (BFB) in children that led to severe spontaneous subcutaneous emphysema, and present review of the literature on the unusual clinical features of bronchial foreign body (BFBs).

Results: This case characterized by the spontaneous subcutaneous emphysema, illustrates that subcutaneous emphysema should be considered as a clinical feature of BFBs.

Conclusions: One should suspect foreign body inhalation in a previously well child presenting with sudden onset of severe bouts of cough refractory to medical treatment and with sudden onset subcutaneous emphysema. Radiologic findings such as obstructive emphysema and aeration within an area of atelectasis confirm the diagnosis of BFB. Early intervention in the form of bronchoscopy should be performed to arrest the progressive nature of the condition.